浅析苔丝之死

Abstract
Tess of D’Uberville, is a famous work of Thomas Hardy. This work describes the tragedy of Tess. Tess’ tragedy coagulates with much more different color of the society and person. It destroys this daughter who was born in nature, and owned man’s simple natural character. The novel’s subtitle calls Tess “a pure woman”, after Tess loses chastity, she kills the man, but the female of this earth is innocent. She has persevering vitality, contending with not only destiny by possessing singly, but society, the families, individuals etc. She has another heavy factor to make this pure and great female head for destruction eventually. In her life, there are three main persons who directly affect her. The first one is Alec, who rapes her and becomes the direct murder. His appearance changed Tess’ all. The second one is Angle, who is the accessory and also the best lover of Tess. The third one is Tess herself. Besides, the society and the family affect Tess’ whole life largely. Thus, in this paper, the author makes some detailed discussion and analysis of these factors.

 
摘 要
德伯家的苔丝是汤马思哈代的著作之一。这部作品描写了具有大自然纯朴本性的苔丝的悲剧一生。苔丝的悲剧凝聚着社会和个人多重色彩，各种复杂的因素交织成一种强大的压力，摧毁了这位生于自然，具有大地般朴实本性的女儿。小说的副标题称苔丝是“一个纯洁的女人”，在作家的眼中，她虽失身又杀人，但这位大地之女是无辜的。她有着顽强的生命力，以独有的方式和命运抗争，但社会、家庭、个人等多重因素最终使这位纯真的大自然之女慢慢走向毁灭。在这些原因中，有三个很重要的人物直接影响到苔丝的整个人生。第一个就是亚雷，他奸污并成为了谋杀她的直接凶手。他的出现改变了苔丝的一生。第二个就是安吉儿。他是帮凶，同时也是苔丝最爱的人。第三个人就是苔丝自己。除此，社会以及家庭等因素也在很大程度上影响了苔丝。因此，作者将在本文当中对以上因素做出探讨与分析。
关键词
贞洁；命运; 谋杀.

 
Introduction
No profound experience, no good work, as the saying goes for hundreds of years. In the novel of Tess of D’Urberuilles, the author introduced a pure girl in his novel, who becomes a murder. And what reduce Tess to be a murder? Is it only because the rape of Alec? And what was the real love? Was the love between Tess and ? If the girl could be more confident, or more courageous, could the result be changed?
In the “first phase” of the novel, Alec D’Urberville takes the advantage of the innocence of Tess. Later, in the third part, she then fell deeply in love with Angle Clare, an affluent agriculturist. Tess soon alienates  by revealing her earlier encounter with D’Urberville. Tess of D’Urbervilles demonstrates a great deal about the themes of the novel as well as the character of Tess. The book was supposes to reveal the versatility of Tess’ character. However, it also revealed a good deal that helps us understand Hardy’s central theme of the book. It was because the versatility of Tess herself that makes her unique. However, she was a woman of purity and fortitude. 
Most of scholars and readers attribute Tess’ death to Alec only. But the author of this paper thinks that Angle, Tess, and the society are also the factors, besides Alec.

 
I. The Famous Work, Tess of D’Urberville, and Its Great Writer
A. The Setting of the Novel
The 19th century is a prosperous period in English literature. There is a most impotent writer, we can’t forget, and He is Thomas Hardy. He is just the author of my subject. Tess of D’Urbervilles is generally regarded as Hardy’s finest novel. This is a brilliant tale of love, betrayal, seduction, duty, sin and rule. At last, this is a tragedy.
In tragedy, the reader, often sympathizes and empathizes with the protagonist who attains “wisdom through suffering.” Tess, who is a so virtuous girl, why did Hardy give Tess, a virtuous girl, a sorrowful destiny? Here, we should turn our eyes to the author—Thomas Hardy. His