四级考试阅读理解命题规律应试技巧3

       4、转折处与强对比处常考
        
         一般而言，转折后的内容常常是语义的重点，命题者常对转折处的内容进行提问。转折一般通过however, but, yet, in fact等词或短语来引导。强对比常由unlike, until, not so much…as等词或短语引导。命题者常对用来对比的双方属性进行考查。
        
         此类考点常出现在逻辑推理型题中，少数出现于其它题型中。
        
         例1. Some observers say the fault is with the young people…. But that s a condemnation of the students as a whole…. Others blame the state of the world…But disappointed graduates are learning that it can no longer absorb an army of trained twenty-two-year-olds, either.(见《分册》P148页例4).
        
         Q：According to the passage the problems of college education partly arise from the fact that _______ .
        
         (A) society cannot provide enough jobs for properly trained college graduates.
        
         (B) High school graduates do not fit the pattern of college education.
        
         (C) Too many students have to earn their own living.
        
         (D) College administrators encourage students to drop out.
        
         (分析：选A项。考生阅读文章时，应注意到文中有两个"but"的转折，特别是段末一转折句意即：但失望的毕业生了解到社会再也不能吸收大量的23岁的训练有素的大学生。这一转折后的内容正好是解答题干问题的依据，我们从这句话可以推断出大学考试之所以出了问题部分源于一个事实，即A项：社会不能为训练有素的大学生提供足够工作。此属逻辑推理题。)
        
         例2…Unlike other lawbreakers, who must leave the country, commits suicide, or go to jail, computer criminals sometimes escape punishment, demanding….(见《分册》P161页例2)
        
         Q：It can be conduced from the passage that ________ .(分析：这道题属逻辑推理题，命题者利用unlike进行强烈对比，要求考生推断出正确结论。具体分析见《分册》P165页例2答案。)