四级阅读理解技巧——推理性问题

推理性问题与细节性问题相似，也是对文章具体内容的判断。但推理不但要求掌握文章所表达的字面含义，还要掌握一定的逻辑判断能力及写作技巧知识，从文章表面推出更深层含义，这部分往往出题分量大，难度大，出错也最多，归根结底还是对文章内
??容没有做到真正的理解和掌握。
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?? Inference类问题主要包括Significance和Communication Techniques两大类。
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?? 1. Significance
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?? 文字表面往往没有明显反映作者的全部意图，有些含义需要读者从字里行间去体会，靠自己的逻辑推理能力去判断，从上下文的联贯及文中有关部分的暗示去明析作者隐含的意思。这类问题的命题方式有：
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?? (1)The writer implies but not directly states that__________-.
?? (2) It can be inferred from the passage that_________.
?? (3) The author strongly suggests that__________ .
?? (4) It can be concluded from the passage that________.
?? (5) The passage is intended to__________ .
?? (6)The writer indicates that__________ .
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?? Example
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?? Nursing at Beth Israel Hospital produces the best patient care possible. If we were to solve the nursing shortage, hospital administration and doctors everywhere would do well to follow Beth Israel's example
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?? At Beth Israel each patient is assigned to a primary nurse who visits at length with the patient and constructs a full-scale health ac-count that covers everything from his medical history to his emotion-al state. Then she writes a care plan centered on the patient's illness but which also includes everything else that is necessary.
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?? The primary nurse stays with the patient through his hospitalization, keeping track with his progress and seeking further advice from his doctor. If a patient at Beth Israel is not responding to treatment , it is not uncommon for his nurse to propose another approach to his doctor. What the doctor at Beth Israel has in the primary nurse is a true colleague.
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?? Nursing at Beth Israel also involves a decentralized ( 分散的 )nursing administration; every floor, every unit is a self-contained organization. There are nurse managers instead of head nurses,` in addition to their medical duties they do all their own hiring and dismissing, employee advising, and they make salary recommendations. Each unit's nurse decide among themselves who will work what shifts and when.

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?? Beth Israel's nurse-in-chief ranks as an equal with other vice presidents of the hospital. She also is a member of the Medical Executive Committee, which in most hospitals includes only doctors.
??It can be inferred from the passage that__________.
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?? A）compared with other hospitals nurses at Beth Israel Hospital are more patient .
?? B)in most hospitals nurses get low salaries
?? C）in most hospitals nurses get low salaries
?? D) compared with other hospitals nurses have to work longer hour at Beth Israel Hospital