英语四级阅读备考之长难句过关:第1讲

Exercise

Keeping your head, instead of crowding and pushing to get to an exit, may make the different between life and death when fire breaks out.

The way space is used to enable the individual to achieve privacy, to build homes or to design cities is culturally influenced.

And neither friends nor family can convince phobic people that most animals are harmless, that thousands of travelers fly safely every day, and millions of people ride safely in elevators several times each day.

要点分析和参考译文

要点：句中主语为动名词短语“Keeping……” “crowding”和“pushing”两个动名词是并列平行结构。
参考译文：当火灾发生时，保持冷静，不要向安全出口乱挤乱拥，这样就会使生与死的机会截然不同。

要点：主语the way 有一个很长的定语从句修饰，定语从句中有三个并列的不定式短语作动词“is used”的目的状语即to achieve privacy， to build homes，和to design cities。本句的主干部分为：The way is culturally influenced。
参考译文：怎样利用空间实现个人隐私，修建住宅及规划城市都受到文化上的影响。

要点：neither…nor连接并列主语。“convince”后接“people”作宾语，另外三个“that……”从句并列作convince 的宾语，其中最后一个“that……”从句前省略了“that”补齐则为（that） millions of……。
参考译文：朋友们及家庭成员都无法说服恐惧症患者，使他们相信：多数动物对人无害，数以千计的旅行者每日都安全的飞行，数百万的人每天都安全地乘好几次电梯。