英语四级阅读备考之长难句过关:第4讲

Exercise

The intentional termination of life of one human being by another - mercy killing (安乐死) - is contrary to that for which the medical profession stands and is contrary to the policy of the American Medical Association.

Put them all together, exalt（提高）them above their present imperfections, add to them the vision of humankind redeemed, forever free of need and strife（争议）and you have a future lighted with the radiant colors of hope.

More than three million people live in inner London, and nearly five million people live in the surrounding suburban area, which is made up of formerly separate villages that have merged to form what is now called outer London

要点分析和参考译文

要点：句子主干有两个并列的谓语部分，即" is contrary to……and is contrary to……。" 词组mercy killing 是对前面内容的概括。for which the medical profession stands 是"that"的定语从句。
参考译文：有意识的结束一个人的生命--安乐死--既违反了医学界的职业立场，也违反了美国医学会协会的宗旨。

要点：此句的主干是一个由and 连接的并列结构。第一部分有几个并列祈使句组成，第二部分是一个完整的主谓结构，全句主干即"Put…exalt…，forever free … strife and you have a future…colors of hope。由于第一部分并列祈使句较长而第二部分较短，而且连接两部分的and前面有存在着另外一个and（need and strife）从而致使句子的结构较复杂，不易看出主干的并列结构。

参考译文：把这一切集合起来，加以提高，使之超越现存的缺点，再加上人类得到拯救的憧憬，永远无求无争，那么你将有一个闪耀着希望的绚丽多彩的未来。

要点：全句为并列复合句。 "and"连接并列句。第二个句子是主从复合句。"which"引出非限制性定语从句，修饰"area"。"that " 引出限制性定语从句，修饰 "villages"。"what" 引出名词从句作"form"的宾语
参考译文：三百多万人口居住在伦敦市区，将近五百多万人口居住在周围的郊区--这些郊区由原来分散的村庄构成，逐步形成如今被称为的外伦敦。