名师指导:超精读—全面提升英语阅读能力(二)
来源:网络转载 责任编辑:栏目编辑 发表时间:2013-07-01 04:01 点击:次
总结文章主要讨论对象、关键词,作者、专家的观点以及语篇及段落发展模式。对考试类文章而言,还要总结文章的考点、题目的定位、答案的替换、正确和干扰项的规律、特征。
例1:请大家参考我对2005年1月六级阅读第三篇的解析:
Passage Three
(31) Throughout the nation’s more than 15,000 school districts, widely differing approaches to teaching science and math have emerged. Though there can be strength in diversity, a new international analysis suggests that this variability has instead contributed to lackluster (平淡的) achievement scores by U.S. children relative to their peers in other developed countries.(注意本段的differing / diversity / variability几个同义替换,表明本段强调了美国各个地区的科学和数学教育差异很大〈多样性,多元化〉的事实。文章第二句,作者话锋一转,尽管多元化有好处,但有分析表明这导致了美国的孩子与其它发达国家的同龄人相比,学习成绩比较平淡。这一句提出了美国教育存在的问题,预测后文可能会作详细阐述或提出解决问题的办法,注意这都是可能的考点。平时复习时一定要培养自己归纳、预测原文的能力!)
31. According to the passage, the teaching of science and math in America is _______.
[定位与替换] 本题问美国的科学和数学教学的状况。根据关键词teaching of science and math定位到原文第一段。选B) characterized by its diversity以多样性为特点。解题的重点在准确判断第一段所强调的内容。
[干扰项分析] A) focused on tapping students’ potential集中开发学生的潜力,文中无信息支持;C) losing its vitality gradually逐步失去活力,D) going downhill in recent years最近几年走下坡路,文章虽指出了美国的教育体系有缺陷,但并未说其失去活力或走下坡路,故不应选C、D。
Indeed, concludes William H. Schmidt of Michigan State University, who led the new analysis, "no single intellectually coherent vision dominates U.S. educational practice in math or science.’’ The reason, he said, "is because the system is deeply and fundamentally flawed." (Indeed, 在这里是加强语气,“确实”的意思,经常在文章中引出作者或者专家的重要观点。专家Schmidt的结论:美国数学和科学的教育实践缺乏连贯一致的知识观念,原因是这个体系有深刻和根本的缺陷。到底是什么缺陷呢?这里专家只是作了抽象的概括,下文中可能会详细阐述。注意coherent和第一段diversity是反义词。)
The new analysis, released this week by the National Science Foundation in Arlington, Va., is based on data collected from about 50 nations as part of the Third International Mathematics and Science Study.(本段不是很重要,主要讲这个分析是基于50个国家的数据。)
Not only do approaches to teaching science and math vary among individual U.S. communities, the report finds (= the new analysis), but there appears to be little strategic focus within a school district’s curricula, its textbooks, or its teachers’ activities.(Not only … , but …倒装强调句,语意重心在but后面的内容:美国的各个学区在课程等方面缺乏战略重点。the report finds是插入语)
(32) This contrasts sharply with the coordinated na
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