shell——tr的用法

tr（translate缩写）主要用于删除文件中的控制字符，或进行字符转换。
语法：tr [–c/d/s/t] [SET1] [SET2]
SET1: 字符集1
SET2：字符集2
-c:complement，用SET2替换SET1中没有包含的字符
-d:delete，删除SET1中所有的字符，不转换
-s: squeeze-repeats，压缩SET1中重复的字符
-t: truncate-set1，将SET1用SET2转换，一般缺省为-t
 
1、去除重复的字符
#将连续的几个相同字符压缩为一个字符
$ echo aaacccddd | tr -s [a-z]
acd
$ echo aaacccddd | tr -s [abc]
acddd
 
2、删除空白行
#删除空白行就是删除换行符/n
#注意：这些空白行上只有回车符，没有空格符
$ cat test.txt
I love linux!
                                                                                                                          
                                                                                                                          
Hello World!
                                                                                                                          
Shell is worthy to been studied
 
#这里用换行符的转义字符\n
#注意：此处用-s删除了多余的换行符，如果用-d，则会删除所有的换行符                                                                                                                          
$ cat test.txt | tr -s ["\n"]
I love linux!
Hello World!
Shell is worthy to been studied
#也可以用八进制符\012，\012与\n都是换行符
$ cat test.txt | tr -s "[\012]"
I love linux!
He