合理使用MySQL索引建立高质量查询语句(16)
来源：未知 责任编辑：责任编辑 发表时间:2014-02-18 03:26 点击:次
SELECT count(DISTINCT(first_name))/count(*) AS Selectivity FROM employees.employees;
+-------------+
| Selectivity |
+-------------+
| 0.0042 |
+-------------+
SELECT count(DISTINCT(concat(first_name, last_name)))/count(*) AS Selectivity FROM employees.employees;
+-------------+
| Selectivity |
+-------------+
| 0.9313 |
+-------------+
+-------------+
| Selectivity |
+-------------+
| 0.0042 |
+-------------+
SELECT count(DISTINCT(concat(first_name, last_name)))/count(*) AS Selectivity FROM employees.employees;
+-------------+
| Selectivity |
+-------------+
| 0.9313 |
+-------------+
<first_name>显然选择性太低，<first_name, last_name>选择性很好，但是first_name和last_name加起来长度为30，有没有兼顾长度和选择性的办法？可以考虑用 first_name和last_name的前几个字符建立索引，例如<first_name, left(last_name, 3)>，看看其选择性：
SELECT count(DISTINCT(concat(first_name, left(last_name, 3))))/count(*) AS Selectivity FROM employees.employees;
+-------------+
| Selectivity |
+-------------+
| 0.7879 |
+-------------+
选择性还不错，但离0.9313还是有点距离，那么把last_name前缀加到4：
SELECT count(DISTINCT(concat(first_name, left(last_name, 4))))/count(*) AS Selectivity FROM employees.employees;
+-------------+
| Selectivity |
+-------------+
| 0.9007 |
+-------------+
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