Mysqldump备份和恢复mysql数据库

mysqldump is an effective tool to backup MySQL database. It creates a *.sql file with DROP table, CREATE table and INSERT into sql-statements of the source database. To restore the database,  execute the *.sql file on destination database.  For MyISAM, use mysqlhotcopy method that we explained earlier, as it is faster for MyISAM tables.

Using mysqldump, you can backup a local database and restore it on a remote database at the same time, using a single command. In this article, let us review several practical examples on how to use mysqldump to backup and restore.

For the impatient, here is the quick snippet of how backup and restore MySQL database using mysqldump:

backup: # mysqldump -u root -p[root_password] [database_name] > dumpfilename.sql

restore:# mysql -u root -p[root_password] [database_name] < dumpfilename.sql

How To Backup MySQL database

1. Backup a single database:

This example takes a backup of sugarcrm database and dumps the output to sugarcrm.sql

# mysqldump -u root -ptmppassword sugarcrm > sugarcrm.sql

# mysqldump -u root -p[root_password] [database_name] > dumpfilename.sql

The sugarcrm.sql will contain drop table, create table and insert command for all the tables in the sugarcrm database. Following is a partial output of sugarcrm.sql, showing the dump information of accounts_contacts table:

--

-- Table structure for table `accounts_contacts`

--

DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `accounts_contacts`; SET @saved_cs_client     = @@character_set_client;

SET character_set_client = utf8;

CREATE TABLE `accounts_contacts` (

`id` varchar(36) NOT NULL,

`contact_id` varchar(36) default NULL,

`account_id` varchar(36) default NULL,

`date_modified` datetime default NULL,

`deleted` tinyint(1) NOT NULL default '0',

PRIMARY KEY  (`id`),

KEY `idx_account_contact` (`account_id`,`contact_id`),

KEY `idx_contid_del_accid` (`contact_id`,`deleted`,`account_id`)

) ENGINE=MyISAM DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8;

SET character_set_client = @saved_cs_client;

--

-- Dumping data for table `accounts_contacts`

--

LOCK TABLES `accounts_contacts` WRITE;

/*!40000 ALTER TABLE `accounts_contacts` DISABLE KEYS */;

INSERT INTO `accounts_contacts` VALUES ('6ff90374-26d1-5fd8-b844-4873b2e42091',

'11ba0239-c7cf-e87e-e266-4873b218a3f9','503a06a8-0650-6fdd-22ae-4873b245ae53',

'2008-07-23 05:24:30',1),

('83126e77-eeda-f335-dc1b-4873bc805541','7c525b1c-8a11-d803-94a5-4873bc4ff7d2',

'80a6add6-81ed-0266-6db5-4873bc54bfb5','2008-07-23 05:24:30',1),

('4e800b97-c09f-7896-d3d7-48751d81d5ee','f241c222-b91a-d7a9-f355-48751d6bc0f9',

'27060688-1f44-9f10-bdc4-48751db40009','2008-07-23 05:24:30',1),

('c94917ea-3664-8430-e003-487be0817f41','c564b7f3-2923-30b5-4861-487be0f70cb3',

'c71eff65-b76b-cbb0-d31a-487be06e4e0b','2008-07-23 05:24:30',1),

('7dab11e1-64d3-ea6a-c62c-487ce17e4e41','79d6f6e5-50e5-9b2b-034b-487ce1dae5af',

'7b886f23-571b-595b-19dd-487ce1eee867','2008-07-23 05:24:30',1);

/*!40000 ALTER TABLE `accounts_contacts` ENABLE KEYS */;

UNLOCK TABLES;

2. Backup multiple databases:

If you want to backup multiple databases, first identify the databases that you want to backup using the show databases as shown below:

# mysql -u root -ptmppassword

mysql> show databases;

+--------------------+

| Database           |

+--------------------+