基于FreeBSD 8.0 Ports配置nginx+php+mysql高性能web平台【解决
作者:Coralzd
博客：http://www.freebsdsystem.org
论坛:http://www.linuxtone.org (IT运维专家网|集群架构|性能调优)
欢迎转载,转载时请务必以超链接形式标明文章原始出处和作者信息及本声明
文档版本 V1.4 最后修改: 2010.6.10 09:33
FreeBSD简介：
FreeBSD，是AT＆T的后裔间接通过Berkeley Software Distribution（BSD）伯克利软件发行版UNIX，其漫长而动荡的历史可以追溯到1993年。不同于Linux发行版，这被定义为集成 Linux内核和数以千计的应用软件组成的解决方案，FreeBSD是一个紧密集成的操作系统基于BSD kernel和所谓的“userland（用户建造）”（因此，甚至没有额外的扩展程序）。发行版巨大失去了在普通电脑系统安装的机会 ? 像许多Linux发行版本，一个易于安装的（大部分）开放源码的应用扩展提供了FreeBSD的核心，但这些通常是由第三方捐助者提供的和不严格的 FreeBSD的一部分。
FreeBSD开发作为一个快速，高性能和极其稳定的操作系统，尤其是适合网络服务器和类似任务。许多大型搜索引擎网站，或组织的关键任务计算基础设施上部署和使用，并在他们的计算机系统上运行FreeBSD多年。相较于Linux操作系统，FreeBSD是分布在一个更宽松的许可证，这几乎可以无限制地重复使用和源代码修改为任何目的。即使是知名的苹果的Mac OS X也是从BSD派生。除了核心的操作系统，该项目还提供超过15,000种二进制和源代码形式
FreeBSD软件方便的应用于BSD核心安装。虽然可以肯定的是FreeBSD能够作为桌面操作系统使用，但它在这方面不具有Linux发行版流行。文本模式的安装程序提供的系统硬件检测或系统配置方面并没有，留下复杂的工作，这让在安装后的用户来设置。在现代的硬件支持方面，FreeBSD普遍滞后Linux操作系统，特别是在支持笔记本电脑和上网本等小工具，如无线网卡或流行数码相机。这些用户寻求现有的桌面FreeBSD的项目是考虑利用FreeBSD在台式机或工作站的速度和稳定，而不是FreeBSD的自身。
一．安装准备：
1.1、操作系统安装：参见http://bbs.linuxtone.org/thread-6422-1-1.html附件
默认FreeBSD不允许Root直接ssh登陆，在安装系统时候可以添加一个wheel组的用户。以确保FreeBSD系统安全！切记：FreeBSD只允许wheel组的用户可以ssh登陆。
例如：pw useradd coralzd -g coralzd
1.2 系统环境
二、系统初始化
2.1 更新ports
用portsnap 更新ports树，已获得最新的软件。
修改portsnap配置文件的server 为国内的镜像
ee /etc/porsnap.conf
FreeBSD 8.0 I386
Nginx 0.7.65
PHP 5.2.13
Mysql 5.5.4 M3
2.2 优化rc.conf配置文档
添加syslogd_flags="-ss"
sendmail_enable="NONE"
2.3 内核增加IPFW防火墙
cd /usr/src/sys/i386/conf
cp GENERIC IPFW
ee IPFW
将ident GENERIC
修改为ident IPFW
在下面增加
编译内核
编译完成后在/etc/rc.conf 最后添加以下语句
编辑/etc/syslog.conf文件
在文件最后加入如下内容:
!ipfw *.* /var/log/ipfw.log
这行的作用是将IPFW的日志写到/var/log/ipfw.log文件里
ee /etc/ipfw.conf
2.4 安装axel提高ports的安装速度
cd /usr/ports/ftp/axel
make install
#修改 /et/make.conf
ee /etc/make.conf
#加入以下内容
2.5 优化内核
ee /etc/sysctl.conf
ee /boot/loader.conf
初始化数据库
3.3 /etc/rc.conf 增加mysql_enable="YES"
安装php
# cp /usr/local/etc/php.ini-dist /usr/local/etc/php.ini
3.5 配置php.ini
ee php.ini
找到如下语句
修改为
3.6 安装php52-extensions
3.7 安装php扩展模块安装eaccelerator
在后面加上
安装memcache
安装pdo_mysql
安装ImageMagick
看是否安装成功 convert --version
PHP还需安装两个.so
安装 php imagick extend (imagick.so)
安装 php magickwand extend (magickwand.so)
关于magicwand的说明：http://www.imagemagick.org/script/api.php#php
然后看下扩展
<?php
phpinfo();
?>
安装lighttpd 获得spawn-fcgi
安装nginx
修改php.ini cgi.fix_pathinfo=1,让SCRIPT_FILENAME有效
安装Zendoptimizer
cd /usr/ports/devel/ZendOptimizer/
make （不要安装，只需下载下来即可）
cd work/ZendOptimizer-3.3.0a-freebsd6.0-i386
./install-tty 一路按回车,到最后选择no，不使用apache。
zend 将自动在php.ini最后添加参数的。
让nginx和spawn-fcgi开机启动
将SERVERNAME=portsnap.freebsd.org
修改为SERVERNAME=portsnap.hshh.org
#初次运行portsnap fetch extract
以后运行portsnap fetch update
options IPFIREWALL
options IPFIREWALL_VERBOSE
options IPFIREWALL_VERBOSE_LIMIT=10
options IPFIREWALL_DEFAULT_TO_ACCEPT
# cd ../compile/IPFW
# make cleandepend && make depend
# make && make install
firewall_enable="YES"
firewall_script="YES"
firewall_script="/etc/ipfw.conf"
firewall_quiet="NO"
firewall_logging_enable="YES"
:
#!/bin/sh
IPFW='/sbin/ipfw -q'
$IPFW -f flush
$IPFW add 2000 allow ip from any to any via lo*
$IPFW add 2010 deny log ip from 127.0.0.0/8 to any in
$IPFW add 2020 deny log ip from any to 127.0.0.0/8 in
$IPFW add 2030 deny log ip from 224.0.0.0/3 to any in
$IPFW add 2040 deny log tcp from any to 224.0.0.0/3 in
$IPFW add 2050 allow log tcp from any to any out
$IPFW add 2060 allow log tcp from any to any established
$IPFW add 2070 allow log tcp from any to any 22 in
$IPFW add 2080 allow log tcp from any to any 80 in
$IPFW add 12190 deny log tcp from any to any
FETCH_CMD=axel
FETCH_BEFORE_ARGS= -n 10 -a
FETCH_AFTER_ARGS=
DISABLE_SIZE=yes
MASTER_SITE_OVERRIDE?=\
http://ports.hshh.org/${DIST_SUBDIR}/\
http://ports.cn.freebsd.org/${DIST_SUBDIR}/\
ftp://ftp.freeBSDchina.org/pub/FreeBSD/ports/distfiles/${DIST_SUBDIR}/
MASTER_SITE_OVERRIDE?=${MASTER_SITE_BACKUP
security.bsd.see_other_uids=0
net.inet.tcp.sendspace=65536
net.inet.tcp.recvspace=65536
#net.inet.udp.sendspace=65536
net.inet.udp.maxdgram=65536
net.local.stream.sendspace=65536
net.inet.tcp.rfc1323=1
#net.inet.tcp.rfc1644=1
net.inet.tcp.rfc3042=1
net.inet.tcp.rfc3390=1
kern.ipc.maxsockbuf=2097152
kern.maxfiles=65536
kern.maxfilesperproc=32768
net.inet.tcp.delayed_ack=0
net.inet.icmp.drop_redirect=1
net.inet.icmp.log_redirect=1
net.inet.ip.redirect=0
net.inet.icmp.bmcastecho=0
net.inet.icmp.maskrepl=0
net.inet.icmp.icmplim=100
net.inet.icmp.icmplim_output=0
#net.inet.tcp.drop_synfin=1
net.inet.tcp.always_keepalive=1
net.inet.ip.intr_queue_maxlen=1000 (这儿太大了。建议不用或小点值)
net.inet.tcp.msl=7500 (太大了。建议2500-2000左右)
net.inet.tcp.blackhole=2
net.inet.tcp.inflight.enable=1
net.inet.ip.fastforwarding=0
kern.ipc.somaxconn=32768
kern.securelevel=0
#net.inet.tcp.log_in=1
#net.inet.udp.log_in=1
net.inet.udp.checksum=1
net.inet.tcp.syncookies=1
kern.ipc.shm_use_phys=1
kern.ipc.shmmax=67108864
kern.ipc.shmall=32768
kern.coredump=0
net.local.stream.recvspace=65536
net.local.dgram.maxdgram=16384
net.local.dgram.recvspace=65536
#net.inet.tcp.mssdflt=1460
#net.inet.tcp.minmss=1640
net.inet.raw.maxdgram=65535
net.inet.raw.recvspace=65535
net.inet.ip.fw.dyn_max=65535
net.inet.ipf.fr_tcpidletimeout=864000
kern.dfldsiz="2147483648" # Set the initial data size limit
kern.maxdsiz="2147483648" # Set the max data size
kern.ipc.nmbclusters="0" # Set the number of mbuf clusters
kern.ipc.nsfbufs="66560" # Set the number of sendfile(2) bufs
三、配置mysql php nginx
3.1 安装mysql 5.5.4 m3
cd /usr/ports/databases/mysql55-server
ee Makefile
在第30行下面加上下面的参数
--enable-thread-safe-client \
--disable-dtrace \
--enable-assembler \
--enable-assembler \
--with-big-tables \
--with-ssl \
--with-embedded-server \
--with-local-infile \
--with-plugins=partition,innobase,myisammrg
然后
#make install clean
3.2
/usr/local/bin/mysql_install_db --user=mysql
cp /usr/local/share/mysql/my-medium.cnf /etc/my.cnf
echo 'mysql_enable="YES"' >> /etc/rc.conf
复制代码
3.4
cd /usr/ports/lang/php52
#make config ##配置编译参数
[X] CLI Build CLI version
[X] CGI Build CGI version
[ ] APACHE Build Apache module
[ ] DEBUG Enable debug
[X]] SUHOSIN Enable Suhosin protection system
[X] MULTIBYTE Enable zend multibyte support
[ ] IPV6 Enable ipv6 support
[X] REDIRECT Enable force-cgi-redirect support (CGI only)
[X] DISCARD Enable discard-path support (CGI only)
[X] FASTCGI Enable fastcgi support (CGI only)
[X] PATHINFO Enable path-info-check support (CGI only)
make install clean
;open_basedir =
disable_functions =
expose_php = On
expose_php = Off
display_errors = On
output_buffering = Off
open_basedir = /data/www/wwwroot:/tmp
disable_functions =
phpinfo,passthru,exec,system,chroot,scandir,chgrp,chown,shell_exec,proc_open,proc_get_status,ini_alter,ini_alter,ini_restore,dl,pfsock
open,openlog,syslog,readlink,symlink,popepassthru,stream_socket_server
display_errors = Off
output_buffering = On
# cd /usr/ports/lang/php52-extensions/
#make config
Options for php52-extensions 1.3
-------------------------------------------------
[X] CURL CURL support
[X] FTP FTP support
[X] GD
[X] GETTEXT
[X] MBSTRING multibyte string support
[X] MCRYPT Encryption support
[X] MYSQL
[X] PCRE Perl Compatible Regular Expression support
[ ] POSIX //去掉
[ ] SQLITE //去掉.
[X] ZIP ZIP support
[X] ZLIB
# make install clean
cd /usr/ports/www/eaccelerator
make install clean
ee /usr/local/etc/php.ini
zend_extension="/usr/local/lib/php/extensions/no-debug-non-zts-
20060613/eaccelerator.so"
eaccelerator.shm_size="32"
eaccelerator.cache_dir="/data/cache/ea"
eaccelerator.enable="1"
eaccelerator.optimizer="1"
eaccelerator.check_mtime="1"
eaccelerator.debug="0"
eaccelerator.filter=""
eaccelerator.shm_max="0"
eaccelerator.shm_ttl="0"
eaccelerator.shm_prune_period="0"
eaccelerator.shm_only="0"
eaccelerator.compress="1"
eaccelerator.compress_level="9"
cd /usr/ports/databases/pecl-memcache
make install clean
cd /usr/ports/databases/php52-pdo_mysql
make install clean
# cd /usr/ports/graphics/ImageMagick/
# make install clean
# cd /usr/ports/graphics/pecl-imagick
# make install clean
# cd /usr/ports/graphics/php-magickwand
# make install clean
cd /usr/ports/www/lighttpd
make install clean
cd /usr/ports/www/nginx
make install clean
echo 'spawn_fcgi_enable="YES" '>> /etc/rc.conf
复制代码
echo 'nginx_enable="YES"' >> /etc/rc.conf
复制代码
3.8 整合nginx和php
ee fastcgi_params
ee nginx.conf
#fix_php_path
if ($request_filename ~* (.*)\.php) {
set $php_url $1;
}
if (!-e $php_url.php) {
return 403;
}
fastcgi_param QUERY_STRING $query_string;
fastcgi_param REQUEST_METHOD $request_method;
fastcgi_param CONTENT_TYPE $content_type;
fastcgi_param CONTENT_LENGTH $content_length;
fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME $document_root$fastcgi_script_name;
fastcgi_param SCRIPT_NAME $fastcgi_script_name;
fastcgi_param REQUEST_URI $request_uri;
fastcgi_param DOCUMENT_URI $document_uri;
fastcgi_param DOCUMENT_ROOT $document_root;
fastcgi_param SERVER_PROTOCOL $server_protocol;
fastcgi_param GATEWAY_INTERFACE CGI/1.1;
fastcgi_param SERVER_SOFTWARE nginx/$nginx_version;
fastcgi_param REMOTE_ADDR $remote_addr;
fastcgi_param REMOTE_PORT $remote_port;
fastcgi_param SERVER_ADDR $server_addr;
fastcgi_param SERVER_PORT $server_port;
fastcgi_param SERVER_NAME $server_name;
# PHP only, required if PHP was built with --enable-force-cgi-redirect
fastcgi_param REDIRECT_STATUS 200;
user www www;
worker_processes 10;
pid /var/log/nginx.pid;
# [ debug | info | notice | warn | error | crit ]
error_log /dev/null;
#Specifies the value for maximum file descriptors that can be opened by this process.
worker_rlimit_nofile 51200;
events
{
use kqueue; #FreeSBD下要启用kqueue，Linux下是epoll
#maxclient = worker_processes * worker_connections / cpu_number
worker_connections 51200;
}
http
{
include /usr/local/nginx/conf/mime.types;
default_type application/octet-stream;
charset gb2312;
server_names_hash_bucket_size 128;
client_header_buffer_size 32k;
large_client_header_buffers 4 32k;
log_format main '$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] $request ' '"$status" $body_bytes_sent
"$http_referer" ''"$http_user_agent" "$http_x_forwarded_for"';
#access_log /data/www/logs/access.log main;
access_log /dev/null;
sendfile on;
tcp_nopush on;
keepalive_timeout 60;
tcp_nodelay on;
fastcgi_connect_timeout 300;
fastcgi_send_timeout 300;
fastcgi_read_timeout 300;
fastcgi_buffer_size 128k;
fastcgi_buffers 4 128k;
fastcgi_busy_buffers_size 128k;
fastcgi_temp_file_write_size 128k;
fastcgi_intercept_errors on;
client_max_body_size 50m;
client_body_buffer_size 256k;
gzip on;
gzip_min_length 1k;
gzip_buffers 4 16k;
gzip_http_version 1.0;
gzip_comp_level 2;
gzip_types text/plain application/x-javascript text/css application/xml;
gzip_vary on;
#
proxy_temp_path /dev/proxy_temp;
fastcgi_temp_path /dev/fastcgi_temp;
client_body_temp_path /dev/client_body_temp;
server
{
listen 80;
server_name www.linuxtone.org;
root /data/www/wwroot;
index index.html index.htm index.php;
location ~ \.php$ {
#root html;
fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:9000;
fastcgi_index index.php;
#fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME /data/www/wwwroot$fastcgi_script_name;
include fastcgi_params;
}
log_format main '$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" '
'$status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" '
'"$http_user_agent" "$http_x_forwarded_for"';
access_log logs/access.log main;
}
}
3.9 安装phpmyadmin
编辑 config.default.php
cd /usr/ports/databases/phpmyadmin/
make （只需获得软件包就可以了）
cd work && mv phpMyAdmin* /data/www/wwroot/phpmyadmin
cd phpmyadmin/lib*
ee config.default.php
将$cfg['blowfish_secret'] = '';
修改为$cfg['blowfish_secret'] = 'cookie';
然后就可以通过phpmyadmin 来管理mysql了！
文档修改历史
V1.0 初稿完成
V1.1 整理文档排版，增加fastcgi_params，修复php_pathinfo漏洞。
V1.2 修改nginx.conf 不正确的地方；整理/etc/make.conf 笔误。
V1.3 增加phpmyadmin 管理，修改spawn_fcgi 启动参数。
V1.4 修改nginx.conf配置文档和编译内核笔误！
参考文章：
http://willzh.javaeye.com/blog/252362
http://hi.baidu.com/cajecx/blog/item/279f00e903578036b80
本文出自 “崔晓辉的博客” 博客，转载请与作者联系！
相关新闻>>
- 发表评论
-
- 最新评论 更多>>
